![]() METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE HEIGHT OF A WEAR TOOL AND A CORRESPONDING AGRICULTURAL MACHINE
专利摘要:
The invention relates to a method for vertical calibration of a wear tool (20; 120) of an agricultural machine, the agricultural machine comprising said wear tool, the method comprising the steps of: - contacting the wear tool with a reference surface (5; 45); measuring the value (A2; A4) of a position variable (A; L; H) related to the positioning of the wear tool when in contact with the reference surface; determination of the theoretical vertical component (P2, P4) for positioning the wear tool as a function of the measured value (A2, A4), according to a reference curve (f1); determining a correspondence curve (f2) between a vertical component (P (A)) for positioning the wear tool and the position variable, by shifting the reference curve by one value (AP) equal to the theoretical vertical component. 公开号:FR3065146A1 申请号:FR1753200 申请日:2017-04-12 公开日:2018-10-19 发明作者:Julien North;Sylvain Citerne;Philippe Potier 申请人:Kuhn SAS; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Description The present invention relates to the general technical field of agricultural machinery and in particular to tillage and sowing machines having wear tools. In the example of a conventional rotary harrow, coupled to a tractor and whose height is adjusted manually, to ensure the correct working depth of the harrow, the user must operate the machine for a short distance, for example, on the order of a few meters, get off your tractor, dig in the worked soil and measure the loosened depth of the ground yourself. To adjust the working depth, he must then manually adjust the top stop of a reference member such as a compaction roller. This upper stop is for example determined by the placement of a rod in one of the housings of a plate with multiple perforations. Moving the rod may require raising the harrow, moving the rod to the desired hole, lowering the harrow and controlling the working depth as described above. If necessary, the user may have to repeat the operation until the expected setting is obtained. On other machines, the adjustment can be hydraulic. A control system makes it possible to act on an adjustment system comprising a jack. An indicator moves on a graduated ruler according to the position of the jack. The user must then check the working depth as in the case of manual adjustment: operate the machine for a short distance and measure the working depth himself. This type of hydraulic adjustment does not allow precise knowledge of the working depth. The user can omit the adjustment of the height of the wear tools if it is too complex or too approximate. It is desirable to control the working depth of the soil so that the preparation of the seedbed is optimal depending on the species to be sown. Working the soil too deep requires moving more material than necessary, which increases the energy consumption of the machine. In addition, depending on the type of soil (sandy, stony), the soil working tools of agricultural machinery can undergo significant abrasion and / or impact. Tool wear can be accelerated and the tool life reduced. This can directly affect the quality of sowing or planting, and yield, especially on certain species sensitive to germination conditions or to the quality of the seedbed. The object of the invention is to propose a method for calibrating the height of a simplified and improved agricultural machine wear tool. The invention also relates to a computer program for the implementation of such a method, and to an agricultural machine capable of implementing said method. The invention thus relates to a method for calibrating the height of an agricultural machine wear tool, the agricultural machine comprising said wear tool, the method comprising the steps of: bringing the wear tool into contact with a reference surface; measurement of the value of a position variable linked to the positioning of the wear tool when the wear tool is in contact with the reference surface; determination of the theoretical vertical component for positioning the wear tool as a function of the measured value, according to a reference curve; determination of a correspondence curve between a vertical component for positioning the wear tool and the position variable linked to the positioning of the wear tool, by shifting the reference curve by a value equal to the theoretical vertical component determined previously. The method according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to directly determine the vertical component of the wear tool, for example linked to the length of the blades in the case of a rotary harrow, and linked to a height up to a point of reference, which simplifies calibration and limits user intervention by allowing him, for example, to stay on board the tractor when calibrating the depth of the wear tool. This also saves time and accuracy in calibration. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the nonlimiting exemplary embodiments of the invention which will follow and from the appended drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a soil working machine carrying a new soil working tool, in a raised position; - Figures 2 and 3 are side views of the machine of Figure 1, respectively in the calibration position and in the working position; - Figures 4 and 5 are views of the machine of Figure 1 carrying a soil working tool having wear, and illustrated in the calibration position and in the working position; - Figure 6 shows two curves illustrating the vertical positioning of the soil working tool as a function of: a reference curve and a correspondence curve from the reference curve; - Figure 7 is a diagram showing a succession of steps of the calibration process according to the invention using the example of the machine of Figures 4 and 5; - Figures 8 and 9 show two alternative embodiments to the soil working machine of Figures 1 to 5, in the calibration position. FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an agricultural machine 4 for working the soil in a raised position, for example prior to a calibration process. The agricultural machine 4 comprises a frame 6, a control unit 9, a reference member 10 and a wear tool 20, such as a soil working tool. The reference member 10 is mounted articulated at the rear of the frame 6. The wear tool 20 extends under the frame 6, here vertically. The machine 4 is here, without limitation, of the rotary harrow type. In Figure 1, the reference member 10 is placed on a reference surface 5 while the frame 6 is kept in the air by a vehicle such as a tractor (not shown) to which the machine 4 is coupled. In FIG. 2, the machine 4 is illustrated in the calibration position, the wear tool 20 also being in contact with a reference surface 5 which is here the same as that on which the reference member 10 is placed. . In Figure 3, the machine 4 is illustrated in a working position. The wear tool 20 has partially penetrated the soil 50, which is for example the agricultural land to be worked. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the reference surface 5 can be, without limitation, the agricultural land 50 mentioned above, or even a path, a concrete surface, etc. The inclination of the reference surface 5 is preferably small, for example less than 10%, preferably less than 5%. The reference surface 5 is for example a flat, firm and horizontal surface. The frame 6 has attachment points 7 at the front, and here two pivots 8 at the rear. The attachment points 7 are intended to be attached to the attachment device of the vehicle to which the machine 4 is attached, for example a three-point attachment device of a tractor. In the embodiment shown, a position sensor, which here is an angle sensor 14, is provided on one of the pivots 8, for example between the frame 6 and the reference member 10. The sensor angle 14 measures the angle A between a reference plane B (see fig.l preferably a horizontal plane such as the reference surface 5, or a parallel to the reference surface) and a movable support 13 of the reference member 10. The control unit 9 here belongs to the machine 4, for example to the frame 6 as in FIG. 1. The control unit 9 is configured to operate at least the correspondence calculations between variables. The reference member 10 is here a soil working roller. This roller can be, but is not limited to, a compacting or crumbling roller. The roller 10 as illustrated has a cylindrical body 11, two pivots 12 and two supports 13. The cylindrical body 11 is mounted at its ends to the supports 13 via the pivots 12. The supports 13 are themselves rotatably mounted on the frame 6 by means of the pivots 8. The reference member 10 can therefore move in rotation relative to the frame 6. The cylindrical body 11 is intended to be deposited on the reference surface 5 as in FIG. 1. The angle sensor 14 can detect a first angle A1 corresponding to the position of the reference member 10 when the machine 4 is in the raised position, nor the tool d wear 20, nor the reference member 10 being in contact with the surface 5, this angle A1 preferably remaining constant as long as the reference member 10 is in bottom stop, that is to say up to the arrival of the reference member 10 in contact with the surface 5 as illustrated in FIG. 1. The wear tool 20 is here a pair of teeth 21 or blades, arranged in forks. The rotary harrow of the example is provided with a series of such forks, only one of which is shown and described for the sake of simplification. Each fork is mounted on a rotor movable in rotation about a vertical axis 22. The wear tool 20 is used here to prepare the seedbed by breaking up clods of earth and crumbling the soil. The wear tool 20 is here mounted integrally with the frame 6, that is to say a displacement in height of the frame 6 will result in the displacement in height of the wear tool 20 by the same value. Figure 6 shows two curves f1 and f2. The curves fl and f2 in FIG. 6 represent the relationship between the vertical position P (A) of the wear tools 20 and 120 respectively and the angle A measured by the sensor 14. However, these curves fl and f2 have a value purely illustrative and cannot be used as such for height calibration support. The vertical position P (A) is preferably that of one or even of the lower point 23 of the wear tool 20 or 120 concerned. The term “curve” should be understood in the broad sense and may include at least one list of values, interrupted or continuous, extrapolated or not. The curves are preferably between two lower and upper limits which correspond to physical limits of the machine, such as a low stop and the highest stop of the reference member 10. The curve fl is an example of a reference curve saved in memory of the control unit 9. The reference curve fl can be a prerecorded curve supplied by the manufacturer, for example giving the vertical position (that is to say height or depth) of the new tool 20 as a function of the position of the roller 10 measured by the sensor 14, or be the result of a previous calibration by shifting a reference curve while the tool 20 was in a state worn previous or in new condition. The curve f2 is an example of a correspondence curve obtained from the curve f1 and the calibration steps described below. FIG. 2 illustrates the machine 4 placed on the reference surface 5, in the calibration position. Compared to the raised position of FIG. 1, the machine 4 has been lowered and the lower end 23 of the wear tool 20, that is to say that the teeth 21 in the illustrated case, are also at ground contact. The reference member 10 is therefore raised relative to the frame 6 and to the wear tool 20, and the sensor 14 measures an angle A2 less than the angle Al. With the new wear tool 20, the angle A2 is the theoretical value at which the curve f1 should intersect the abscissa axis (see Figure 6). FIG. 3 illustrates the machine 4 in an example of the working position in which it is lowered further from its position illustrated in FIG. 2. The wear tool 20 then partially penetrates the ground 50 of a depth P3 . The angle A3 measured by the sensor is here less than the angle A2 insofar as the frame 6 is lowered relative to the reference member 10, that is to say that the body 11 has approached the horizontal plane B. FIG. 4, by analogy to FIG. 2, illustrates the machine 4 in the calibration position with a soil working tool 120 of the same type as the tool 20, but in a worn state. The teeth 121 of the tool 120 are then of length less than the length of the teeth 21 of the tool 20. This difference in length is reflected in the height of each component of the frame 6 relative to the surface 5, but also in the value of the angle between the support 13 and the horizontal: the angle A4 measured by the sensor 14 in the position of FIG. 4 is less than the angle A2. To facilitate understanding of FIG. 4, the machine 4 in the position of FIG. 2 is shown therein in dotted lines. FIG. 5 illustrates the machine 4 carrying the soil working tool 120, the machine 4 this time being in the working position. The wear tool 120 then partially penetrated into the ground 50 of a depth P5. In the example illustrated, the angle A5 measured by the position sensor 14 is less than the angle A4 in value insofar as the frame 6 is lowered further relative to the reference member 10. This working position is for example from an adjustment step which follows a calibration according to the calibration process described below. The process for calibrating the vertical position P (A) of the wear tool 120 illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be carried out as follows: - lowering of the machine 4, until the reference member 10 is brought into contact on the one hand (step 201) and on the other hand a lower point 123 of the wear tool 120 (step 202) are at contact of the reference surface 5 (FIGS. 4, 7); measurement of the value A4 of the position parameter A of the reference member 10 in the position reached by the machine 4 which is the calibration position (FIG. 4; step 210); - determination of the theoretical vertical component P4 (or theoretical height) of the lower point of the wear tool 120 as a function of the measured value A4 of the position parameter A, according to the reference curve f1 (step 220); - determination of the height difference ΔΡ between the theoretical height P4 and the reference surface 5 (step 230); determination of a correspondence curve f2 between the position of the reference member 10 and the position of the wear tool 120 by shifting Δ from the reference curve f1 (step 240). In the case of the machine 4 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5, comprising a rotary harrow and a soil working roller, the reference member 10 is mounted articulated on the frame 6. The lowering of the reference member 10 and the wear tool 120 (or the tool 20, by analogy) then begins simultaneously and continues until contact with the reference member 10 on the surface 5. The wear tool 120 continues then to lower with the frame 6 until contact with the tool 120 on the surface 5. In other words, the reference member 10 is here deposited on the surface 5 before the wear tool 120 . The measurement of a position parameter such as the angle A makes it possible to determine the offset ΔΡ between a theoretical height P2 or P4 of the wear tool 120 according to the reference curve fl and the actual position of this tool 120 in its current state of wear. It is thus possible to define a correspondence curve f2 by shifting a value ΔΡ towards the top of the reference curve fl (see FIG. 6). Since the tool 120 rests on the reference surface 5 during calibration, it is preferably assigned a height 0 to the reference surface 5 and ΔΡ is equal in absolute value to the theoretical height, here P4, of the tool d wear 120 on the curve f1 for the measured value of the position parameter A4. Step 230 is therefore optional. From the correspondence curve f2 obtained, the height P (A) of the wear tool 120 can be precisely controlled, not only during calibration but also at work, for example from the reference member 10. It is thus possible to add to the calibration process the following adjustment steps: - entry of a desired working height Pn (i.e. a depth); - determination of the value An of the position variable of the reference member corresponding to the depth Pn from the reference curve f2 - change in height of the wear tool 120 (or of the frame 6) until the reference member 10 reaches the position An. The position An of the reference member provided for the job is for example A3 or A5 (Figures 3 or 5 respectively). The control unit 9 then knows that the wear tool 120 has reached the desired depth. By analogy, this calibration process can be implemented with the new wear tool 20, for example in order to compensate for the play due to the assembly or other wear tools (opening disc, blades stationary, coulters, straight discs, convex discs, corrugated discs, hollow discs or any disc, rotary tiller, etc.). In a variant not illustrated, the wear tool 20 or 120 touches the reference surface before the reference member 10. Once the wear tool 20 or 120 comes into contact with the reference surface 5, the member 10 is lowered in a controlled manner, for example hydraulically. The calibration process can also be implemented on the machine 4 carrying a new tool. In a variant not illustrated, the wear tool is a rotary tool around an axis transverse to a vertical axis, that is to say horizontal or inclined at an angle for example less than 45 degrees from the horizontal. It can be, for example, an opening disc, a disc of any other shape or structure, a rotary cutter. The agricultural machine 4 may include a display device (not shown) enabling the wear of the tool 20 or 120 to be communicated to the user. The display device may for example be in the form of a series of LEDs ( light emitting diodes) or a display. A step for estimating and / or displaying the maximum depth and / or the remaining life of the wear tool 20 can be provided. As an alternative to the angle sensor 14 or in addition to it, at least one position sensor of another type is provided for measuring any position variable liable to change during a relative movement between the frame 6 and the reference member 10. It may be an elongation sensor disposed between the frame 6 and the support 13. This elongation sensor then measures a variation in length L between a point of the frame 6 and a point of the reference member such as a support 13. In a variant not shown, the control unit 9 can be located in the vehicle to which the machine is coupled, for example being a control unit, or can be located in a control unit. In another variant, the control unit 9 belongs to a separate machine which is combined with the agricultural machine 4 and from which the latter is controlled. More generally, the machine 4 and the control unit 9 belong to the same agricultural system. The control unit 9 can therefore either belong to the agricultural machine 4 or to an external element. As a variant, the reference member 10 can be a support wheel for work or transport. In Figures 8 and 9, two other agricultural machines 4 ’and 4’ are illustrated in which the above general calibration method can be applied. The position variable measured here is a height H of a reference point R fixed relative to the frame 6. In these figures, the similar elements have the same numerical references as above. In FIG. 8, the machine 4 ′ comprises a telemetry member 30, here a laser measurement member (or laser rangefinder) represented by a housing 31 and a radius 32. Alternatively, another type of telemetry member can be envisaged such than an ultrasonic measuring device (or ultrasonic range finder, not shown). In FIG. 8, the measurement of the value H is made by means of the vertical laser beam 32. The measurement method can include the measurement of the return time of the beam 32, the phase shift, etc. In FIG. 9, the 4 ”machine includes a contact measuring member 40, or feeler. The probe 40 comprises for example a housing 41 and an arm 42. The arm 42 here has a support part 43 and a contact part 44. When the machine is placed on a horizontal ground, the parts 43 and 44 are here respectively vertical and horizontal. The support part 43 is mounted at a first end in the housing 41, movable at least in translation along its own longitudinal axis and in rotation about the latter. The contact part 44 extends transversely to a distal end of the part 43 opposite the first end. A reference surface 45 is provided on the upper face of the part 44. The reference surface 45 against which the wear tool comes into contact is therefore here distinct from the ground. The wear tool is brought into contact with the reference surface 45 (step 202) by lowering the arm 42 relative to the frame 6, then rotating and raising it so as to place the lower point 23 of the wear tool 120 against the reference surface 45. The contact part 44 can be dimensioned to cover the entire space between the arm 43 and the axis 22 so as to guarantee contact between a lower point 23 wear tool 20 or 120. In the examples of FIGS. 8 and 9, the height H for the calibration is measured relative to a reference point R of the housings 31 or 4L It is then useful, at work, to have a dynamic reference member such as the roller 10 to guarantee the working depth of the wear tool. More generally, the calibration process can generally be limited to the steps of: - bringing a lower point of the wear tool into contact with a reference surface (step 202); - automatic measurement of the value of a position variable linked to the positioning of the wear tool (step 210) when the lower point of the wear tool is in contact with the reference surface; - Determination of the theoretical vertical component for positioning the wear tool as a function of the measured value, according to a reference curve f1 (step 220); - determination of a correspondence curve £ 2 between a vertical component for positioning the wear tool and the position variable linked to the positioning of the wear tool, by shifting the reference curve fl by one value ΔΡ equal to the theoretical vertical component determined previously (step 240). It will be understood that the machine 4, 4 ′ or 4 ”is first placed in a calibration position in which the wear tool 20 or 120 is in contact with a reference surface 5 or 45 which is according to the embodiments the same or not as the reference surface 5 on which the reference member 10 is placed. Depending on whether the reference surface 5 is movable or not, an additional adjustment parameter C can be added to compensate for the depression of the reference member 10. For example, in the case of a compacting roller, the body cylindrical can be provided with teeth uniformly distributed over its entire surface, projecting from a radial distance C. On a soft surface, the teeth will sink until the surface of the body comes into contact with the soft surface. The method should then include a step of adding a correction factor C to the vertical positioning component P. From the above, it will be understood that the term “position variable” can designate: - an elongation or an angular displacement in the case of a measurement relative to a reference member by contact with the ground of the roller type, wheels (support wheel for work or transport, drive wheel of the sun wheel type or skeleton wheel), etc. ; - a gross height measured between a reference point taken for example on the frame and the ground as in the case of optical sensors; - A gross height between a reference point taken for example on the frame and a probe. The position variable studied is then linked directly (in the example of the optical sensors and the probe) or indirectly (in the example of the reference members by contact with the ground) to the positioning of the wear tool. 12.
权利要求:
Claims (3) [1" id="c-fr-0001] Claims 1. A method for calibrating the height of a wear tool (20; 120) of an agricultural machine, the agricultural machine comprising said wear tool (20; 120), the method comprising the steps of: 5 - bringing the wear tool (20; 120) into contact with a reference surface (5; 45) (step 202); - measurement of the value (A2; A4) of a position variable (A; L; H) related to the positioning of the wear tool (step 210) when the wear tool (20; 120) is in contact with the reference surface (5; 45); 10 - determination of the theoretical vertical component (P2; P4) for positioning the wear tool (20; 120) as a function of the measured value (A2; A4), according to a reference curve (fl) ( step 220); - determination of a correspondence curve (f2) between a vertical component (P (A)) for positioning the wear tool (20; 120) and the variable Position 15 (A; W; H) linked to the positioning of the wear tool (20; 120), by shifting the reference curve (fl) by a value (ΔΡ) equal to the determined theoretical vertical component previously (P2; P4) (step 240). 2. Method according to the preceding claim, in which the agricultural machine comprises a reference member (10) intended to come into contact with the reference surface (5), the reference surface being the ground (5). 3. Calibration method according to one of the preceding claims comprising 25 a step of depositing the reference member (10) on the reference surface (5) (step 201). 4. Calibration method according to one of claims 2 and 3, the reference member comprises a soil working roller (10), a drive wheel, 30 a work support wheel or a transport support wheel. 13. 5. Calibration method according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a sensor (14) of a position of the reference member (10) relative to a frame (6) of the machine is a sensor angle and / or the position variable is an angle (A). 6. Calibration method according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a sensor (14) of a position of the reference member (10) relative to a frame (6) of the machine is a sensor elongation and / or the position variable is a length (L) capable of changing as a function of the position of the reference member (10). 7. The calibration method according to claim 1, in which the agricultural machine comprises a telemetry member (30), the reference surface being the soil (5). 8. Calibration method according to the preceding claim, the telemetry member (30) being an optical sensor such as a laser measurement member, or an ultrasonic measurement member. 9. The calibration method according to claim 1, in which the agricultural machine comprises a contact measurement member (40), the reference surface (45) belonging to the contact measurement member (40). 10. Calibration method according to one of claims 7 to 9, the position variable being a height (H), the method comprising a step of measuring the height (H) by means of the telemetry member (30 ) or of the contact measurement member (40). 11. Calibration method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of estimating and / or displaying the maximum depth attainable at work, and / or a step of estimating and / or displaying the remaining life of the wear tool. 14. 12. Calibration method according to one of claims 1 to 11, the wear tool (20; 120) being a rotary tool working around a vertical axis (22), preferably at least one blade (21 ). 13. Calibration method according to one of claims 1 to 11, the wear tool (20; 120) being a rotary tool working around an axis transverse to a vertical axis, preferably an opening disc. 14. Calibration method according to one of the preceding claims, the curve of 10 reference fl being a prerecorded curve of the height of the wear tool in a new state or a previous worn state, as a function of the position variable. 15. Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool comprising a preliminary calibration step in accordance with the calibration process according to one of the 15 previous claims, which may then include the steps of: - entry of a desired working depth (Pn); - determination of the desired position (An) of the reference member (10) corresponding to the depth (Pn) from the correspondence curve f2; - change of height of the wear tool until the desired position 20 (An) of the reference organ (10) is reached. 16. Computer program comprising program means for implementing the steps of the method for calibrating the height of a wear tool (20; 120) of an agricultural machine according to one of claims 1 to 14 when said 25 program means are executed on said agricultural machine. 17. Agricultural machine comprising a wear tool (20; 120), a reference member (10) and a control unit (9) configured for the implementation of the calibration method according to one of claims 1 to 14. 1/4 [2" id="c-fr-0002] 2/4 [3" id="c-fr-0003] 3/4
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 US20200068776A1|2020-03-05| EP3609308A1|2020-02-19| CA3057887A1|2018-10-18| WO2018189480A1|2018-10-18| CN110662416A|2020-01-07| FR3065146B1|2019-06-28| AU2018251224A1|2019-10-24|
引用文献:
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法律状态:
2018-04-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 | 2018-10-19| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20181019 | 2019-04-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 | 2020-04-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 | 2020-11-13| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: KUHN SAS, FR Effective date: 20201007 | 2020-11-13| CJ| Change in legal form|Effective date: 20201007 | 2021-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 FR1753200A|FR3065146B1|2017-04-12|2017-04-12|METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE HEIGHT OF A WEAR TOOL AND A CORRESPONDING AGRICULTURAL MACHINE| FR1753200|2017-04-12|FR1753200A| FR3065146B1|2017-04-12|2017-04-12|METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE HEIGHT OF A WEAR TOOL AND A CORRESPONDING AGRICULTURAL MACHINE| EP18719961.7A| EP3609308A1|2017-04-12|2018-04-11|Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool and corresponding agricultural machine| US16/604,414| US20200068776A1|2017-04-12|2018-04-11|Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool and corresponding agricultural machine| AU2018251224A| AU2018251224A1|2017-04-12|2018-04-11|Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool and corresponding agricultural machine| CA3057887A| CA3057887A1|2017-04-12|2018-04-11|Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool and corresponding agricultural machine| CN201880032155.XA| CN110662416A|2017-04-12|2018-04-11|Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool and corresponding agricultural machine| PCT/FR2018/050904| WO2018189480A1|2017-04-12|2018-04-11|Method for adjusting the height of a wear tool and corresponding agricultural machine| 相关专利
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